|
HS Code |
470260 |
| Name | 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile |
| Synonyms | 4-Cyanopyridine |
| Cas Number | 100-48-1 |
| Molecular Formula | C6H4N2 |
| Molar Mass | 104.11 g/mol |
| Appearance | White to pale yellow solid |
| Melting Point | 80-84 °C |
| Boiling Point | 233 °C |
| Density | 1.09 g/cm³ |
| Solubility In Water | Moderately soluble |
| Smiles | C1=CC(=NC=C1)C#N |
| Inchi | InChI=1S/C6H4N2/c7-4-6-1-3-8-2-5-6/h1-3,5H |
| Flash Point | 104 °C |
| Storage Conditions | Store in a cool, dry place |
As an accredited 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile is supplied in a sealed 100g amber glass bottle with a secure screw cap and clear hazard labeling. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL container loading for 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile typically accommodates 12–14 metric tons, packed in sealed drums or bags, ensuring safe transport. |
| Shipping | 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile is shipped in tightly sealed containers to prevent moisture and contamination. It should be stored and transported at ambient temperature, away from incompatible substances like acids or oxidizers. Ensure proper labeling and compliance with relevant hazardous material regulations during shipping. Handle with appropriate personal protective equipment to ensure safety. |
| Storage | 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile should be stored in a tightly sealed container, in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area away from sources of ignition and incompatible substances such as strong oxidizers. Protect the chemical from moisture and direct sunlight. Properly label the storage container, and ensure it is kept away from food and drink. Store at room temperature, following standard laboratory chemical storage protocols. |
| Shelf Life | 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile has a typical shelf life of 24 months when stored in a cool, dry, and well-sealed container. |
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Purity 99%: 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile with purity 99% is used in pharmaceutical intermediate synthesis, where it ensures high yield and product consistency. Molecular weight 104.11 g/mol: 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile of molecular weight 104.11 g/mol is used in agrochemical research, where it enables accurate reaction stoichiometry. Melting point 84-86°C: 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile with melting point 84-86°C is used in material science formulations, where it provides controlled phase transition characteristics. Particle size <100 μm: 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile with particle size less than 100 μm is used in catalyst support preparation, where it promotes uniform dispersion and improved reactivity. Stability temperature up to 150°C: 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile stable up to 150°C is used in high-temperature organic synthesis, where it maintains structural integrity during reactions. Water content <0.1%: 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile with water content below 0.1% is used in moisture-sensitive chemical processes, where it prevents unwanted hydrolysis reactions. UV Absorbance (λmax 260 nm): 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile exhibiting λmax at 260 nm is used in analytical reference standards, where it offers reliable UV detection for quantification. |
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Some compounds quietly shape so much of what we use or benefit from in daily life that most of us never give them a second thought. 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile is one of those steady workhorses in chemical industries. With its simple structure—a pyridine ring bearing a nitrile group at the fourth position—this molecule may sound specialized, but what it unlocks in the world of chemistry carries plenty of weight. It moves from research labs to factory floors and touches everything from pharmaceuticals to agricultural solutions.
High-purity 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile, like that manufactured for lab and industrial use, shows up as a white to off-white crystalline powder. You can spot it by its CAS number, 100-48-1, or its molecular formula, C6H4N2. Its melting point sits between 82°C and 85°C—a practical range for both handling and synthetic applications—so it doesn’t require special cold storage like many unstable organic chemicals.
This compound dissolves in organic solvents such as ethanol, diethyl ether, and acetone. Water isn’t its best friend, though; its solubility in aqueous solutions remains quite low. That quality can factor into how it’s chosen for use in multi-step synthesis, where controlled solubility matters for purification or isolation at various stages.
It’s easy to overlook simple aromatic compounds in a chemical catalog, but my years working in research taught me that 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile sits right at the crossroads of practicality and versatility. One reason is its stable nitrile group, which serves as a handy platform for further transformations—a trait that makes the compound attractive to anyone crafting new molecular scaffolds.
In pharmaceutical research, this molecule acts as a reliable intermediate. Medicinal chemists attach, swap, or tweak side groups on the pyridine ring to hone drug candidates for better bioactivity or reduced toxicity. The position of the nitrile at the para site opens unique routes compared to meta or ortho isomers. Researchers lean into that selective reactivity when designing anti-viral drugs, anti-tumor agents, and enzyme inhibitors.
Beyond pharma, 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile also helps build agrochemicals, especially certain classes of herbicides and growth regulators. Its physical and chemical resilience allow it to function under tough environmental conditions—temperature swings, exposure to oxidizing agents, and demanding reaction media. This has made it a staple for me and many colleagues aiming to create high-strength, stable building blocks for fine chemicals.
Some might wonder what distinguishes 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile from its pyridine cousins or from simple benzonitriles. Its para-nitrile positioning offers a different selectivity than 2- or 3-pyridinecarbonitrile versions. When carrying out nucleophilic substitution, for instance, you won’t get the same spectrum of by-products, meaning cleaner yields and easier downstream purification.
In one of my own projects, side-by-side trials with 3-pyridinecarbonitrile led to a slower reaction rate and more unwanted coupled products. Switching to the 4-isomer saved not only time but also a lot of effort during chromatographic clean-up.
Compared to benzonitrile, which lacks the basic nitrogen of a pyridine ring, 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile often shines where added polarity or altered electron density matter—such as in catalyst design. Its nitrogen can serve as a ligand or binding site, making it valuable in coordination chemistry, organometallic work, and the crafting of complex frameworks.
Modern drug discovery relies on small tweaks to molecules to steer their behavior in the body. 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile acts as a parent structure for introducing a nitrile function—a group with unique chemical and biological properties—at a precise spot on the pyridine ring. Nitriles routinely appear in bioactive molecules due to their metabolic stability and ability to engage in non-covalent interactions. These qualities often translate into better oral bioavailability and a safer drug profile, based on published studies from the past decade.
Chemists use this compound to build libraries for high-throughput screening. A single starting material, combined with standard coupling partners, opens the door to vast chemical diversity. A former lab partner focused on kinase inhibitors recalled how the flexibility of 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile let her explore dozens of analogs in a single project cycle. Instead of laboring over tedious multi-step syntheses, starting with a high-quality, simply functionalized core enabled rapid progress in evaluating biological activity.
Aside from acting as a core, this compound provides an anchor for further functionalization—the nitrile converts smoothly into amines, carboxylic acids, and amides, which feature in many approved drugs. That’s another reason medicinal chemists keep it stocked.
Scaling up from grams to kilograms or tons often brings new headaches; intermediates that perform beautifully at bench scale may turn unpredictable during production. 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile, in my experience, doesn’t throw quite so many curveballs. Manufacturers find that well-controlled synthetic routes and purification steps reliably deliver commercial-scale lots.
Industries looking to streamline the production of advanced pharmaceuticals, dyes, and electronic materials appreciate these consistent results. Custom fine-chemical companies often offer this compound in a range of purities, with the 99%+ grade fitting most needs. Its stability in storage further cuts the risk of batch variability, which means less downtime, fewer rejections, and smoother logistics.
No discussion about synthetic intermediates today is complete without an eye on safety and sustainability. Acute risks from 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile resemble those seen with many nitrile-bearing compounds—skin and eye irritation, or harmful effects if swallowed or inhaled in quantity. Proper handling, adequate ventilation, and use of gloves and goggles remain key.
Waste and by-product management follows standard procedures. This molecule doesn’t rank high on lists of persistent organic pollutants, and it breaks down under rigorous treatment. Some eco-conscious companies now explore greener synthetic methods that minimize hazardous solvents and reduce waste load.
Early in my career, tracking waste streams during pyridine derivative manufacturing reinforced how minor changes in intermediate choice shifted the environmental footprint of an entire synthesis. Selecting options like 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile—less volatile, less toxic than some alternatives—plays a role in keeping chemical production both responsible and efficient.
Chemists love a compound that bends without breaking. 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile takes well to a range of classic and modern synthetic transformations—hydrogenation, hydrolysis, coupling, and metalation. Its transformations provide fertile ground for creativity in both academia and industry.
Research teams focused on new catalyst design regularly turn to this compound because its nitrogen can chelate to metals, forming the backbone of complex coordination architectures. In one project, experimenting with copper-catalyzed reactions, we found that complexes derived from 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile delivered impressive selectivity that competitors struggled to match.
For those specializing in materials science, this molecule helps assemble ligands or build blocks needed for supramolecular assemblies, some of which go on to serve as sensors, electronic materials, or imaging agents.
Chemists and process engineers rarely use chemicals straight out of the bottle without checking if they fit their workflows. Purity, particle size, moisture levels, and solvent residue—all carry implications for downstream steps and final product quality. Trusted suppliers of 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile often follow rigorous batch documentation and offer analytical data on request.
In my role sourcing starting materials for diverse projects, I learned to stay skeptical of unnamed batches. Reliable partners test not only purity but also confirm structural identity with NMR, HPLC, and mass spectrometry. That attention to detail prevents wasted time troubleshooting unforeseen process hiccups later.
While it’s possible to find less expensive alternatives with unknown origins or questionable handling, the cost saved up front can disappear quickly if a project stalls due to contamination or inconsistent reactivity.
Chemistry keeps evolving, and the demands on intermediates like 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile shift as new techniques emerge. There’s a growing move toward sustainable chemistry—routes that require less hazardous reagents, reduced waste, and greater atom economy. This compound adapts well to such approaches; recent literature describes greener protocols for synthesizing pyridine nitriles using less energy and solvents.
AI-driven reaction optimization, another rising force in the labs, depends on reliable, well-characterized starting materials. As cheminformatics tools suggest new reaction paths, flexible intermediates become all the more valuable. 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile checks those boxes, making it a favorite for iterative discovery and development. My own experience tracking lab notebook after lab notebook shows that the minor logistical headaches and learning curves linked with sourcing some intermediates simply don’t crop up with this one.
Sustainability concerns also drive interest in recycling and valorizing spent intermediates. Some researchers now look at converting waste pyridinecarbonitriles into reusable feedstocks, a trend that promises to add new life to a well-used molecule and reduce the resource load on future manufacturing.
Working on both process and bench scale, a handful of practical realities stand out. Freshly purchased 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile typically comes in sealed containers, best stored in a dry, cool spot, away from oxidizers and acids. If the fine powder clumps due to humidity, gentle drying under vacuum at room temperature can restore flowability. Antistatic precautions keep powders from sticking to vials or scoops.
In scale-up settings, exposure control grows more important. Automated weighing and dispensing systems, along with powder containment solutions, keep workers safer and reduce material loss. As companies ramp up adherence to ESG standards, bulk packaging made from environmentally friendly materials gets more attention, too.
From a technical side, high-purity material reduces the burden of repeated recrystallization or chromatography between steps. It’s worth investing in up-front characterization, as hidden contaminants often trigger more headaches in late-stage reactions or biological assays.
No chemical building block comes without its headaches. If handled carelessly, pyridine derivatives may produce odors or trigger mild irritation, especially in closed spaces. Consistent air circulation and routine workplace hygiene make a big difference. Substitution reactions with 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile can produce by-products if reaction times or conditions aren’t well optimized. Drawing on published protocols and rigorously monitoring with TLC or HPLC helps keep reaction outcomes predictable.
When I first started on site at a contract manufacturing plant, minor lapses in dryness or a skipped step in solvent exchange threw entire production lines off for hours. Creating a simple checklist—verifying weight, confirming moisture content, double-checking reaction time—eventually kept everything running smoothly.
One of the compound’s under-appreciated strengths is how many fields rely on it. Pharma and agrochemicals might jump to mind, but electronics, pigments, and polymer additives engineers also turn to 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile for tailored material development. The common thread is flexibility: this intermediate fits seamlessly into core reactions and invites creative adaptation.
Educational labs use it as a safe introduction to nitrile chemistry. Graduate students and postdocs can explore new C-H activations, probe palladium- or copper-mediated couplings, and refine Green Chemistry approaches—all using a chemical that behaves predictably.
Industry veterans count on consistent supply chains, reasonable costs, and high standards of quality. On the regulatory front, the compound’s well-documented profile speeds compliance for both transportation and workplace safety, compared to other, more reactive analogs.
Emerging fields like personalized medicine, sustainable agriculture, and smart materials increasingly draw on unique building blocks. As synthesis gets more refined and modular, intermediates like 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile bridge the gap between classic organic chemistry and futuristic applications.
For pharmaceutical start-ups, a reliable source of core intermediates shortens the timeline from idea to proof-of-concept. In electronics, the compound finds use in ligand systems for advanced sensors and OLED technologies.
As an expert or a newcomer, understanding the strengths and quirks of your chosen building blocks saves time, money, and frustration. That’s part of why this compound keeps a loyal following in so many research groups and production facilities.
One foundational lesson in science: data and results stand only as strong as the consistency of inputs. Academic groups documenting new reaction conditions or biological results often list the source, purity, and testing methods for their intermediates. This transparency builds trust within the global scientific community and lets others reproduce outcomes with confidence.
For 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile, extensive documentation in peer-reviewed journals and production standards lets users judge suitability for a specific transformation. Analytical reports—NMR spectra and chromatograms—back claims of purity, which reassures both scientists and regulatory agencies.
Having worked in multinational teams, I can affirm that projects move faster and stay on-topic once all partners agree on the baseline quality of shared starting materials.
Established and newer users alike benefit from products whose safety profile and applications are widely established. Trustworthy sources of 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile post comprehensive Quality Assurance data and support open communication with end users. Knowledge gained from both published research and collective real-world handling experience sustains best practices in chemical safety, environmental responsibility, and efficiency.
Expertise evolves as new protocols and applications emerge. Much as my own experience grew through hands-on synthesis and troubleshooting, so too does our collective understanding improve with every successful batch, published paper, and customer report. Sharing findings and technical feedback about intermediates like this one enforces a culture of continuous improvement and meaningful transparency.
Evidence from the published literature highlights successful applications and safe-handling protocols, reflecting the accumulated insight of countless chemists and engineers. Over time, such a track record supports not only effective use but also better resource allocation—directing scarce time and effort toward solving new problems instead of re-treading old ground.
Tools and technologies may change, but the chemist’s reliance on proven building blocks remains a constant. 4-Pyridinecarbonitrile stands as an example of a compound that delivers not only in terms of chemistry but also in practical considerations: storage, sourcing, safety, and performance in the lab or on the manufacturing floor.
It reminds me that behind every bottle of a well-characterized chemical lies years—sometimes decades—of combined expertise. Each time it’s selected for a new synthesis, evaluated in high-throughput screening, or adapted for greener manufacturing, a little more is added to that deep reservoir of shared knowledge.
